Training Evaluation New Techniques and Strategies

Computer Viruses and Hoaxes essays

Computer Viruses and Hoaxes essays Computer Viruses and Hoaxes: How To Protect Against Them There are over 30,000 known computer viruses and new viruses are being written every day. The number of computer hoaxes (lies) is not as high as the number of viruses, but for the many computer users, who may believe the false information, hoaxes can cause them a lot of emotion and wasted time. The hoaxes are annoying but, if the user can recognize them, can be easily deleted. It is the threat of a computer virus that is the most important to a user because no system is immune to a virus infection. There are methods for detecting a virus, eliminating it and protecting the system from further trouble. A computer virus is a piece of software designed to enter a system and infect the files. A virus will duplicate itself and try to infect as many files and systems as possible. If the hard disc is infected and the user saves a file to disk, it will probably infect the disk and will be passed on to other systems that use the infected disc. On the other way, if a virus-infected disk is introduced to the system, it will infect the system. (What Is A Virus? 1) There are four main types of computer viruses; boot sector, file or program, macro, and multipartite. The boot sector viruses are usually transmitted by an infected floppy disk that is left in the disc drive and then the system is rebooted. The virus is then read from the floppy to the master boot record of the hard drive and when the computer is booted up, the virus goes into the systems memory. (Types Of Viruses 1) File or program viruses are pieces of viral code that attach themselves to executable programs. Once the infected program is run, the virus is transferred to your systems memory and may replicate itself further (Types of Viruses 1). The macro viruses are the most common because they infect files run by applications that use macro languages (Microsoft Word or E...

Guerrila Government In the EPA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Guerrila Government In the EPA - Essay Example gan’s new government was sooner or later covered by public administrators who demonstrated silent disagreement from the dissatisfaction they allegedly got from the public organizations they were attached to although they did not have the audacity to openly air their concerns but instead chose to go against the will of their seniors. One such incident was with a public administrator known as John Spencer appointed in the Environment Protection Agency consisting of Washington, Alaska, Idaho, and Oregon State. Essentially, he began his ethical issues by making announcement that he had intended to purchase EPA membership in the Chamber of Commerce using taxpayers’ money. According to O’Leary (2013), Spence was aware that the use of taxpayers’ money was unethical since it was not permitted in the federal guidelines. Nevertheless, he would later ignore and drop the idea after another officer raised the issue and argued that it was meant to raise serious questions pertaining to conflict of interest. Another ethical issue related to Spencer was the audacity to take on some illegal and private trips that were at the expense of the public and not meant to benefit the government. Furthermore, some of these trips were allegedly affiliated to his previous work station, Alaska. Similarly, he is also alleged to have demanded to be assigned a personal driver who would serve him throughout notwithstanding the fact that he needed the EPA office building modified without any approval from the General Services Administration as mandated by federal law (O’Leary, 2013). It is worth noting that the career employees are obligated to report any cases of ethical issues in reference to the federal law. Preston, Sampford & Connors (2002) argues that, they receive motivation from their seniors and their personal traits. The use of guerilla tactics is denoted as the best solution in pinning down administrators who do not follow code of ethics because instead of

Global companies tax avoidance and CSR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Global companies tax avoidance and CSR - Essay Example In the present times, companies save tax through CSR activities (Barker, 2012). This study aims at discussing the other side of the coin. CSR initiative by the companies is appreciated and motivated by government and regulatory bodies, but there another side of this aspect too, which is negative. The discussion would be evaluating the evolution of CSR from risk management to tax avoidance tool, with respect to the IT, Internet, software and electronics industry, which would mainly drawing examples of those famous companies that has been criticised for their tax avoidance through CSR activities (Elkingtom, 1998). These Companies offer funds on relief and for service to the society. However, the actual amount of fund spent for CSR activities are lesser than the amount show, but these companies get tax benefit on the amount shown by them for CSR activities. This is a general way how these companies try to avoid tax through social services. In order to discuss this issue in detail topics like drivers behind changing CSR environment, voluntary CSR initiatives, and support of the policy environment would be discussed, so as to understand the theme of this study. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Policies and Tax Avoidance According to Organization for Economic Co-operation (OECD), government of every country needs to revise their tax-system, so that they can trap the multinational companies, who dodge the corporate tax. These companies easily shift their profits and offshore and the tax authorities of the country lose billions of money which form an integral part of revenue for the government. Tax has been a missing element in the framework of CSR. CSR activities should also have tax obligations or compliance. Tax is portrayed as a cost, whereas it is a part of profit that is distributed back to stakeholders of the company. This reveals that the companies are not only generating revenue from investor’s capital but also from the funds of the society in whic h they operate. These funds are use for the development of the infrastructure of the country, growth of the society, education facilities, etc (Elkingtom, 1998) Companies like Google Inc, Amazon.com, etc were severely criticised for tax avoidance in the name of CSR activities. Corporate tax was not such a gripping subject for people previously, and the accountants of these companies easily found loop holes to hide their tax amounts behind social activities done by the company for the society (The Guardian, 2013). Google UK and Amazon are the most talked about companies who were found to be involved in tax evasion activities with the excuse of social activities. Google dropped their motto â€Å"Don’t Be Evil† suspiciously and 1 percent of the profit of the company, which was given for charity, was also stopped quietly, without any information. The company was accountable to pay a tax amount of 1.2 billion pounds, while it paid ?600,000. It channelled its revenue to Irel and, which has a more liberal tax system than UK (Barker, 2012). The issue of tax avoidance and CSR is a matter of corporate accountability. This has gained significant in the recent years due to several reasons. Firstly, these companies are acquiring more and more power, and in many cases they even become more powerful in the location than the regulatory body. Many authors blame issues like welfare standards, environment, labours, and over-commercialisation for such a scenario.

My Hero-Muhammad Ali David Ramsey 10A Essay Example for Free

My Hero-Muhammad Ali David Ramsey 10A Essay My hero is Muhammad Ali who first came into the public eye as Cassius Clay when he won a gold medal at the Olympic Games in Rome in 1960. In 1964 he stunned the boxing community with his defeat of Sonny Liston, the heavyweight champion, and shocked the world yet again when he changed his name to Muhammad Ali after the fight. During the Vietnam war he was ordered to go and fight but he refused on religious grounds, but his decision was not met with ease, he was branded a draft-dodger and threatened with prison. He was stripped of his title and was effectively banned from boxing. Despite this, he never gave in to the American Government and stuck to his principles and during the years of exile from boxing he spent time studying his religion and public speaking. It was evident that he was sincere in his beliefs and he started to reclaim the respect of the American public, especially as the horrors of what was happening in Vietnam began to be shared more widely.When he was 28 and after 3 years band from the sport he loved, he was able to resume his boxing career. He eventually regained his title and went on to fight in some of the most breathtaking fights the world has ever seen. During his career, his influence on the world of boxing changed the sport forever. He took the world heavyweight championship away from its traditional New York City venue and took it to Canada, Britain, Germany, Zaire, Malaysia and Manila, as well as the United States. He used his position to speak out against inequality and always helped people who were less fortunate than himself. He is still an ambassador of his religion and continues to try to give people hope. After he came back from suspension, he started with a mission to reclaim his title, he was granted a title shot against Joe Frasier in 1971, he underestimated Joes ability however, and lost the fight, it would now be even harder to become champion again. The world said that he was too old and past his peak when he was beat again by Ken Norton in 1972. Joe Frasier was beaten by George Foreman so Ali knew that if he was once again to become the Greatest he would have to beat Ken Norton, which he did and then he made an amazing comeback against Joe Frasier in the rematch in 1974. Ali had earned his title shot, the stage was set for Zaire (the Rumble in the Jungle) Ali vs Foreman. Muhammad Ali was very old and although he had made amazing comebacks against Frasier and Norton, neither of these were the fighter that George Foreman was, even Alis own trainer asked Foreman to take it easy on Ali because he was an `old man`. But yet again Muhammad Ali proved the world wrong yet again by knocking out George Foreman out in 8 rounds to regain his title. He reigned as champion for 4 years until he was beaten by Leon Spinks, now Leon was thought to be the greatest and the world expected him to become the next Muhammad Ali, he repeatidly taunted Ali until the rematch when Ali taught him what it meant to be the greatest! He was the first man to win the title 3 times. His flamboyant style has made him a legend, and his slogans `I am the greatest` and `float like a butterfly, sting like a bee` became catch phrases. Alis lifestyle was plagued with divorces and failed relationships but stayed loyal to his religion and his fans. Ali was president Carters special envoy to Africa in 1980 (attempting to persuade nations to boycott the Olympics). Muhammad Ali has lots of personal qualities and values. He spoke for civil civil rights against discrimination of black people in America on numerous occasions and refused to go to Vietnam for 2 reasons: he remained loyal to Islam and he refused to murder innocent people. This shows dignity and independence because he wouldnt get drafted into the army when he didnt want to. I admire Alis determination and strengh of character in this act even when he was sentenced to 5 years imprisonment and had his boxing license revoked he would not submit to the American Government. Ali has got to be the most entertaining sportsman ever, his humour, charisma and skill in the ring earned him the sportsperson of the century award. I admired his boxing skills when I first learnt about Muhammad Ali but as I progressed in learning about his life I was amazed to find out how much money he donated towards charity, he held many fundraisers for under priveliged children on the streets of America and Africa. Ali was very endurant because he has always been the only boxer to dance around the ring for a whole 15 rounds during a fight. He was always confident in his abilitys and always optimistic. Ali has great ambition, ever since he started boxing he said he would be the greatest and went in the right direction to do so because he is widely known as the greatest boxer ever. Ali has the courage to stand up and fight for what he believed in because he became a muslim whilst getting alot of criticism off muslims themselves, and changed his name to Muhammad Ali to suit his religion even when his own family disapproved of it. Now, Muhammad Ali is suffering from Parkinsons disease, which attacks the nervous system, there is no cure for this disease and Ali has suffered immensly as a result of it. Despite this he still finds the energy to fund the Black Muslim campaign and other charities. Muhammad Ali has certainly influenced my life for the better because he has taught me to never give up on my dreams. Muhammad Ali is a perfect example of that if you work hard enough and never give up you can achieve just about anything, just as he did. The world might never have known Muhammad Ali if his bike hadnt been stolen when he was 12. He set out an aim to be the greatest ever and worked extremely hard but never gave up, even when he was deemed too old to fight again, he beat George Foreman, against all odds, in Zaire. In conclusion, Muhammad Ali is my hero because he has proved the world wrong again by defeating other boxers against all odds (and still leave room for his witty humour). I will remember Muhammad Ali as someone who stood up for his beliefs always and was indeed the greatest.

What is Culture? Essay -- Sociology, Subcultures

Question One What is culture? Culture can be interpreted in multiple ways and have many different meanings to different individuals. Consequently, it is because of those facts that a definition is so hard to create. To some, culture results from consumed meanings by a social group (Lewis, 2008). Others view culture as something based on economics and servitude (Marx, as cited by Lewis, 2008). Hebdige ambiguous concept As I attempt to tease out a personal definition of culture based on my own experiences and various readings this semester, I select a few common themes that bare significance in my conceptualization of culture. Beliefs, values, social constructs, are some of the concepts used in many of the definitions of culture. These terms will serve as the basic principles on which I will base my own definition. To me, culture is an ideology, a relationship between social constructions and individuals. Culture results from created sets of beliefs, values, and goals from which individuals make meaning through interpretation and use to guide interactions amongst themselves and their environment. My definition of culture stems from two major concepts: ideologies and social constructions. Ideology itself is a very complex concept with multiple definitions. For clarity, I am referring to Althusser’s concept of ideology. Althusser (as cited by Lewis, 2008) believed ideology was a â€Å"representation of the imaginary relationship of individuals to their real conditions of existence†. This applies to my personal definition of culture because these imagined conditions are what make up the beliefs, values, and goals that cultures abide by. This imaginary relationship then transitions into another major part of my definition ... ...tudent affairs professionals, we always talk about the power of a single story. Each student is special and has their own experiences that they have that have affected their development. These experiences influence each student both interpersonally, as well as intrapersonally. One habit student affairs professionals have to take into consideration when studying student cultures is to never generalize a student and pay close attention to assumptions made when studying a student culture or subculture. Studying student cultures and subcultures from a macro level will help professionals understand the experiences of a large number of students. But as practitioners, we must be wary of over generalizing and bringing our own biases into our research. As clearly shown above, culture is a very complex topic. It means many different things to various people.

Information Technology Management Essay

Information and communication technologies play critical roles in sustaining an organizations growth and profitability (Galliers & Leidner, 2003). If managed properly, investments in information and communication technologies can improve efficiency and effectiveness of business processes and an organization’s competitive posture in the market. Proper management of information and communication technologies investments can also enrich people’s lives in the organization improving job satisfaction and productivity. Galliers & Leidner, 2003). Success in managing information and communication investments depend largely on exercising good management practices like human capital management, staff training management, information technology architecture management and software management (Galliers & Leidner, 2003). However, with all the potential benefits of investments in information and communication projects, they can be risky, costly and unproductive if not managed properly (Galliers & Leidner, 2003). Organizations should therefore strive to attract and retain information technology personnel that are qualified and talented to ensure the success of information and technology investments. This is further complicated by a tight information and technology labor market where qualified information and technology personnel enjoy high mobility. Discussion The position I am required to design is a leadership position intended to provide technical direction and guide an organization in implementing strategic information and communication projects (Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations, 2010). The occupant of this position is expected to be able to handle a wide range of duties and responsibilities. He or she should be able to use his/ her exposure, technical experience and business knowledge in developing an organization’s technical plans and to advise senior management on information technology strategies, standards and governance (Galliers & Leidner, 2003). In addition he or she will be expected to monitor the industry’s trends in information technology and respond appropriately by formulating long term information technology strategies capable of improving an organization’s competitiveness. The senior information technology manager will work under the general supervision of the chief executive officer. In line with work plans and resource allocation coordination provided by the chief executive officer, he or she will be responsible for effective planning, supervision and delivery of assigned functions that fall within an information and communication department (Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations, 2010) so as to ensure that an organization’s requirements for information systems and information technology are effectively and efficiently met. He will also be responsibility for ensuring that an organization’s computer systems have the capacity to meet the business needs of an organization by either upgrading existing systems or developing new systems (Info Tech Employment, 2008). Additional functions will include participation in planning, coordinating and setting policies for the development and implementation of an organization’s information technology strategies, supporting standards, procedures and practices, supervising and coordinating works of external firms in special projects or functions to ensure quality and timely delivery, providing consultant services in regards to procurement of new information technology equipments and computer systems, supervising members of staff assigned to special projects or functions and coordinating their training and development to ensure that they are up to the tasks and finally, developing and monitoring key performance indicators of assigned functions within an information technology department (Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations, 2010). The senior information technology manager is expected to have an excellent working knowledge in information technology and a commitment to keep up to dat e with the latest development (Galliers & Leidner, 2003). He should demonstrate people’s management skills with an ability to motivate staff members, provide a cooperative and productive work environment, manage resources effectively to achieve objectives, organize and coordinate work in the department and explain technical issues clearly (Info Tech Employment, 2008). He or she will be tasked with leading changes that fall within the information technology department, hence must be able to integrate organizational and departmental goals, priorities and values. In addition, he or she should have experience in managing large scale projects in information systems and technology (Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations, 2010). To fulfill these expectations, a university degree in computer science or related fields and appropriate professional certifications are mandatory. Moreover, the candidate of choice should have at least five years management experience in information technology. He should demonstrate experience with standard software applications and data manipulation, analysis and interpretation tools (Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations, 2010). Conclusion Information technology investments can be very beneficial to an organization as a whole if they are managed properly. Organizations should therefore strive to hire and retain qualified, experienced and talented information technology managers. This is not easy given the current information technology labor market. The labor market is characterized by high mobility of qualified labor and organizations must put in place effective measures to ensure they hire the right people. One of the measures an organization should take is defining clear structures and responsibilities of all employees in the information technology department. The senior information technology manager will provide technical direction and guidance to the organization in implementing strategic information technology projects. He will be responsible for ensuring effective and efficient management of resources within the information technology department.